Digital Storage Converter
Professional digital storage converter with comprehensive support for binary and decimal units. Convert between bytes, KB, MB, GB, TB, and specialized storage measurements with precision.
Quick
Rounded to whole numbers
Rough estimates and quick calculations
Standard
Two decimal places
Most everyday conversions
Precise
Four decimal places
Scientific and engineering work
Current Precision
Standard mode active
MB ↔ GB Conversions
KB ↔ MB Conversions
KB ↔ GB Conversions
TB ↔ GB Conversions
Bit ↔ Byte Conversions
Network Speed Conversions
Binary vs Decimal Standards
Decimal System (Base 1000)
Binary System (Base 1024)
Fundamental Bit-based Units
Basic Units
Word Units
System Units
Complete Unit Conversion Tables
Kilobit/Kilobyte Units
Decimal (SI) Standard
Binary (IEC) Standard
Megabit/Megabyte Units
Decimal (SI) Standard
Binary (IEC) Standard
Gigabit/Gigabyte Units
Decimal (SI) Standard
Binary (IEC) Standard
Terabit/Terabyte and Larger Units
| Unit | Decimal (SI) | Binary (IEC) | Bytes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Terabyte | 1 TB = 10¹² bytes | 1 TiB = 2⁴⁰ bytes | 1,000,000,000,000 / 1,099,511,627,776 |
| Petabyte | 1 PB = 10¹⁵ bytes | 1 PiB = 2⁵⁰ bytes | 1,000,000,000,000,000 / 1,125,899,906,842,624 |
| Exabyte | 1 EB = 10¹⁸ bytes | 1 EiB = 2⁶⁰ bytes | 1,000,000,000,000,000,000 / 1,152,921,504,606,846,976 |
| Zettabyte | 1 ZB = 10²¹ bytes | 1 ZiB = 2⁷⁰ bytes | 1,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 |
| Yottabyte | 1 YB = 10²⁴ bytes | 1 YiB = 2⁸⁰ bytes | 1,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 |
Floppy Disk Storage
3.5" Floppy Disks
5.25" Floppy Disks
8" Floppy Disks
Removable Storage Systems
Zip Drives (Iomega)
Jaz Drives (Iomega)
Optical Storage Media
Compact Disc (CD)
Digital Versatile Disc (DVD)
Blu-ray Disc
Magnetic Tape Storage
Cassette Tapes
Professional Tape Formats
Memory Card Evolution
Early Memory Cards
SD Card Family
Modern Flash Storage
1024 vs 1000 Base Calculations
Base 1000 (Decimal)
Base 1024 (Binary)
Bit-Byte Relationships & Network Speed Conversions
Common Network Speeds
- • 100 Mbps = 12.5 MB/s
- • 1 Gbps = 125 MB/s
- • 10 Gbps = 1.25 GB/s
- • 100 Gbps = 12.5 GB/s
Quick Conversion Formula
Quick Ratio References
Computer Science
- Memory Allocation: Understanding binary units for RAM and cache calculations
- Algorithm Analysis: Space complexity calculations using precise binary measurements
- Data Structures: Array and buffer size calculations in bytes and bits
- Embedded Systems: Precise memory constraints and optimization
Data Management
- Database Sizing: Accurate storage planning for large datasets
- Backup Planning: Calculating backup storage requirements and schedules
- Data Migration: Transfer time estimation and bandwidth planning
- Archive Management: Long-term storage capacity planning
Network Engineering
- Bandwidth Calculations: Converting between Mbps and MB/s for capacity planning
- CDN Optimization: Data transfer and caching strategy calculations
- Traffic Analysis: Network monitoring and performance optimization
- QoS Planning: Quality of service calculations for different data types
Cloud Storage
- Cost Analysis: Accurate pricing calculations for cloud storage services
- Scaling Strategies: Auto-scaling based on storage usage patterns
- Multi-Region Planning: Data replication and distribution calculations
- Disaster Recovery: Backup and recovery storage requirements
Consumer Devices
- • USB Flash Drive: 32 GB
- • Smartphone Storage: 256 GB
- • Laptop SSD: 1 TB
- • External HDD: 4 TB
- • MicroSD Card: 128 GB
Enterprise Storage
- • Server RAM: 64 GB - 1 TB
- • NAS System: 10 TB - 100 TB
- • Data Center: 1 PB - 10 PB
- • Cloud Storage: Unlimited
- • Backup Tape: 12 TB - 30 TB
File Sizes
- • Text Document: 50 KB
- • High-res Photo: 5 MB
- • Music Track: 4 MB
- • HD Video (1 hour): 4 GB
- • 4K Movie: 25 GB
Industry Standards
- • Always specify which standard you're using (SI or IEC)
- • Use binary units (KiB, MiB, GiB) for system memory and file sizes
- • Use decimal units (KB, MB, GB) for storage device marketing
- • Document your conversion methodology in technical specifications
Common Pitfalls to Avoid
- • Don't assume KB always means 1024 bytes
- • Be aware of context - OS vs marketing specifications
- • Account for file system overhead in capacity planning
- • Consider compression and deduplication effects
Professional Tips
- • Use our converter for accurate calculations in critical applications
- • Always round up for capacity planning to ensure adequate space
- • Consider future growth when calculating storage requirements
- • Validate conversions with multiple tools for mission-critical systems
Why does my 1TB hard drive show only 931GB available?
Hard drive manufacturers use decimal (SI) units where 1TB = 1,000,000,000,000 bytes. However, operating systems typically display storage in binary (IEC) units where 1TiB = 1,099,511,627,776 bytes. So 1TB ÷ 1,099,511,627,776 = 0.931TiB, which displays as 931GB in most operating systems.
What's the difference between Mb and MB?
Mb (lowercase 'b') stands for megabit, while MB (uppercase 'B') stands for megabyte. Since 1 byte = 8 bits, 1 MB = 8 Mb. This distinction is crucial when dealing with network speeds (usually measured in Mbps) versus file sizes (usually measured in MB).
Should I use KB or KiB for technical documentation?
For technical accuracy, use KiB (kibibyte) when referring to 1024 bytes, and KB (kilobyte) when referring to 1000 bytes. The IEC standard recommends binary prefixes (KiB, MiB, GiB) for computer memory and file systems, while decimal prefixes (KB, MB, GB) are appropriate for storage device capacities and network speeds.
How do I convert network speed to download time?
First convert the network speed from Mbps to MB/s by dividing by 8. Then divide the file size (in MB) by the speed (in MB/s). For example: 100 Mbps = 12.5 MB/s, so a 1GB file would take 1000MB ÷ 12.5MB/s = 80 seconds to download.
Why are there so many different storage units?
Different units evolved for different purposes: binary units (powers of 2) align with how computers actually work, while decimal units (powers of 10) are easier for humans to understand and calculate. Legacy units like words and blocks relate to specific hardware architectures and file systems.
How accurate are these conversions?
Our conversions are mathematically precise and follow international standards (IEC 80000-13 and IEEE 1541). The accuracy is 100% for the conversion factors themselves. However, real-world storage may vary due to file system overhead, formatting, and manufacturer specifications.